கணினிச் சொற்கள்

கணினிச் சொற்கள் (Computer Acronyms)

இன்றைய கணினி உலகில் புழங்கும் கணினி துறைச்சார் சொற்றொடர்களில் அதிகமானவை, சுருக்கச் சொற்களாகவே பயன்படுகின்றன. இச்சுருக்கச் சொற்களையும் அவற்றின் முழு சொற்றொடர்களையும் அறிந்துக்கொள்ளல் கணனி உலகப் பயன்பாடுகளை மேலும் எளித்தாக்கிக்கொள்ள உதவுவதுடன், ஆங்கில சொல் ஆளுமையை வளர்த்துக்கொள்ளவும் உதவும்.

நாம் தினமும் பயன்படுத்தும் மின்னஞ்சல் சேவையில் "Cc" யை அழுத்தி ஒரே நேரத்தில் ஒரே மின்னஞ்சலை பலருக்கு அனுப்பவோம். அதேவேளை எல்லோருடைய மின்னஞ்சல் முகவரியும் எல்லோருக்கும் சென்றுவிடாது காக்கும் வகையில் "Bcc" யை அழுத்தி அனுப்புவோம். இவற்றின் முழு சொற்றொடர்கள் என்ன?

Cc - Carbon Copy
Bcc - Blind Carbon Copy

"RAM, PDF" போன்ற சுருக்கச் சொற்களும் எல்லோருக்கும் நன்கு பரிட்சையமான சொற்களே ஆகும். ஆனால் இவற்றின் முழு சொற்றொடர்கள் என்ன?

RAM - Random Access Memory
PDF - Portable Document Format

இவ்வாறான கணினி சுருக்கங்களும் அவற்றின் முழு சொற்றொடர்களும் கீழே; ஆங்கில அகரவரிசைப் படுத்தப்பட்டுள்ளன. அவற்றை அறிந்துக்கொள்ளல் கணினி துறைக்கு மட்டுமன்றி, ஆங்கில மொழி வளர்ச்சிக்கும் பேருதவியாக அமையும்.



ACL - Access Control List
ADC - Analog-to-Digital Converter
ADF - Automatic Document Feeder
ADSL - Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
AGP - Accelerated Graphics Port
AIFF - Audio Interchange File Format
AIX - Advanced Interactive Executive
ANSI - American National Standards Institute
API - Application Program Interface
ARP - Address Resolution Protocol
ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASP - Active Server Page or Application Service Provider
ATA - Advanced Technology Attachment
ATM - Asynchronous Transfer Mode
BASIC - Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
Bcc - Blind Carbon Copy
BIOS - Basic Input/Output System
Blob - Binary Large Object
BMP - Bitmap
CAD - Computer-Aided Design
Cc - Carbon Copy
CCD - Charged Coupled Device
CD - Compact Disc
CD-R - Compact Disc Recordable
CD-ROM - Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
CD-RW - Compact Disc Re-Writable
CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access
CGI - Common Gateway Interface
CISC - Complex Instruction Set Computing
CLOB - Character Large Object
CMOS - Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
CMYK - Cyan Magenta Yellow Black
CPA - Cost Per Action
CPC - Cost Per Click
CPL - Cost Per Lead
CPM - Cost Per 1,000 Impressions
CPS - Classroom Performance System
CPU - Central Processing Unit
CRM - Customer Relationship Management
CRT - Cathode Ray Tube
CSS - Cascading Style Sheet
CTP - Composite Theoretical Performance
CTR - Click-Through Rate
DAC - Digital-to-Analog Converter
DBMS - Database Management System
DDL - Data Definition Language
DDR - Double Data Rate
DDR2 - Double Data Rate 2
DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DIMM - Dual In-Line Memory Module
DLL - Dynamic Link Library
DMA - Direct Memory Access
DNS - Domain Name System
DOS - Disk Operating System
DPI - Dots Per Inch
DRAM - Dynamic Random Access Memory
DRM - Digital Rights Management
DSL - Digital Subscriber Line
DSLAM - Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
DTD - Document Type Definition
DV - Digital Video
DVD - Digital Versatile Disc
DVD+R - Digital Versatile Disc Recordable
DVD+RW - Digital Versatile Disk Rewritable
DVD-R - Digital Versatile Disc Recordable
DVD-RAM - Digital Versatile Disc Random Access Memory
DVD-RW - Digital Versatile Disk Rewritable
DVI - Digital Video Interface
DVR - Digital Video Recorder
ECC - Error Correction Code
EDI - Electronic Data Interchange
EIDE - Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics
EPS - Encapsulated PostScript
EUP - Enterprise Unified Process
FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
FIFO - First In, First Out
FiOS - Fiber Optic Service
FLOPS - Floating Point Operations Per Second
FPU - Floating Point Unit
FSB - Frontside Bus
FTP - File Transfer Protocol
GIF - Graphics Interchange Format
GIGO - Garbage In, Garbage Out
GIS - Geographic Information Systems
GPS - Global Positioning System
GPU - Graphics Processing Unit
GUI - Graphical User Interface
GUID - Globally Unique Identifier
HDMI - High-Definition Multimedia Interface
HDTV - High Definition Televsion
HDV - High-Definition Video
HFS - Hierarchical File System
HSF - Heat Sink and Fan
HTML - Hyper-Text Markup Language
HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol
HTTPS - HyperText Transport Protocol Secure
I/O - Input/Output
ICANN - Internet Corporation For Assigned Names and Numbers
ICF - Internet Connection Firewall
ICMP - Internet Control Message Protocol
ICS - Internet Connection Sharing
ICT - Information and Communication Technologies
IDE - Integrated Device Electronics or Integrated Development Environment
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IGP - Integrated Graphics Processor
IM - Instant Message
IMAP - Internet Message Access Protocol
InterNIC - Internet Network Information Center
IP - Internet Protocol
IPX - Internetwork Packet Exchange
IRC - Internet Relay Chat
IRQ - Interrupt Request
ISA - Industry Standard Architecture
ISCSI - Internet Small Computer Systems Interface
ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network
ISO - International Organization for Standardization
ISP - Internet Service Provider
IT - Information Technology
IVR - Interactive Voice Response
JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts Group
JRE - Java Runtime Environment
JSP - Java Server Page
Kbps - Kilobits Per Second
KDE - K Desktop Environment
KVM Switch - Keyboard, Video, and Mouse Switch
LAN - Local Area Network
LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
LDAP - Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
LED - Light-Emitting Diode
LIFO - Last In, First Out
LPI - Lines Per Inch
LUN - Logical Unit Number
MAC Address - Media Access Control Address
MANET - Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Mbps - Megabits Per Second
MCA - Micro Channel Architecture
MIDI - Musical Instrument Digital Interface
MIPS - Million Instructions Per Second
MP3 - MPEG-1 Audio Layer-3
MPEG - Moving Picture Experts Group
MTU - Maximum Transmission Unit
NAT - Network Address Translation
NetBIOS - Network Basic Input/Output System
NIC - Network Interface Card
NNTP - Network News Transfer Protocol
NOC - Network Operations Center
NTFS - New Technology File System
OASIS - Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards
OCR - Optical Character Recognition
ODBC - Open Database Connectivity
OEM - Original Equipment Manufacturer
OLAP - Online Analytical Processing
OLE - Object Linking and Embedding
OOP - Object-Oriented Programming
OSPF - Open Shortest Path First
P2P - Peer To Peer
PC - Personal Computer
PCB - Printed Circuit Board
PCI - Peripheral Component Interconnect
PCI-X - Peripheral Component Interconnect Extended
PCMCIA - Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
PDA - Personal Digital Assistant
PDF - Portable Document Format
PHP - Hypertext Preprocessor
PIM - Personal Information Manager
PMU - Power Management Unit
PNG - Portable Network Graphic
POP3 - Post Office Protocol
PPC - Pay Per Click
PPGA - Plastic Pin Grid Array
PPI - Pixels Per Inch
PPL - Pay Per Lead
PPM - Pages Per Minute
PPP - Point to Point Protocol
PPTP - Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
PRAM - Parameter Random Access Memory
PROM - Programmable Read-Only Memory
PS/2 - Personal System/2
QBE - Query By Example
RAID - Redundant Array of Independent Disks
RAM - Random Access Memory
RDF - Resource Description Framework
RDRAM - Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory
RFID - Radio-Frequency Identification
RGB - Red Green Blue
RISC - Reduced Instruction Set Computing
ROM - Read-Only Memory
RPC - Remote Procedure Call
RPM - Revenue Per 1,000 Impressions
RSS - RDF Site Summary
RTE - Runtime Environment
RTF - Rich Text Format
RUP - Rational Unified Process
SAN - Storage Area Network
SATA - Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
SCSI - Small Computer System Interface
SD - Secure Digital
SDRAM - Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
SDSL - Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line
SEO - Search Engine Optimization
SERP - Search Engine Results Page
SIMM - Single In-Line Memory Module
SKU - Stock Keeping Unit
SLI - Scalable Link Interface
SMART - Self-Monitoring Analysis And Reporting Technology
SMB - Server Message Block
SMS - Short Message Service
SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol
SO-DIMM - Small Outline Dual In-Line Memory Module
SOA - Service Oriented Architecture
SOAP - Simple Object Access Protocol
SQL - Structured Query Language
SRAM - Static Random Access Memory
SRGB - Standard Red Green Blue
SSH - Secure Shell
SSID - Service Set Identifier
SSL - Secure Sockets Layer
TCP - Transmission Control Protocol
TFT - Thin-Film Transistor
TIFF - Tagged Image File Format
TTL - Time To Live
TWAIN - Toolkit Without An Informative Name
UDDI - Universal Description Discovery and Integration
UDP - User Datagram Protocol
UML - Unified Modeling Language
UNC - Universal Naming Convention
UPnP - Universal Plug and Play
UPS - Uninterruptible Power Supply
URI - Uniform Resource Identifier
URL - Uniform Resource Locator
USB - Universal Serial Bus
VCI - Virtual Channel Identifier
VDU - Visual Display Unit
VFAT - Virtual File Allocation Table
VGA - Video Graphics Array
VLB - VESA Local Bus
VLE - Virtual Learning Environment
VoIP - Voice Over Internet Protocol
VPI - Virtual Path Identifier
VPN - Virtual Private Network
VRAM - Video Random Access Memory
VRML - Virtual Reality Modeling Language
WAIS - Wide Area Information Server
WAN - Wide Area Network
WEP - Wired Equivalent Privacy
Wi-Fi - Wireless Fidelity
WPA - Wi-Fi Protected Access
WWW - World Wide Web
XHTML - Extensible Hypertext Markup Language
XML - Extensible Markup Language
XSLT - Extensible Style Sheet Language Transformation
Y2K - Year 2000
ZIF - Zero Insertion Force